Companies

Fabless developer of CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, SoCs, microprocessors, embedded processors, graphics processors, and chipsets. Headquartered in Santa Clara, CA, with operations in Austin, TX; outsources manufacturing post-2009 GlobalFoundries spin-off. Supplies PCs, servers, workstations, laptops, gaming consoles, data centers, gaming, embedded systems, and high-performance computing markets. Acquired Xilinx in 2022, competing with NVIDIA and Intel.

Arm Holdings plc is a British semiconductor and software design company headquartered in Cambridge, England. Its primary business is designing CPU cores based on the ARM architecture family, and it also designs other chips, provides software development tools under the DS-5, RealView and Keil brands, and supplies system-on-chip infrastructure and software. As a holding company, it also holds shares in other companies. Since 2016, it has been majority owned by SoftBank Group; in September 2023, it was listed on Nasdaq, with SoftBank retaining a controlling stake. Arm also designs GPUs under the Mali and newer Immortalis lines, with the latter supporting hardware ray-tracing. Processors based on Arm designs or licensed architectures are used across all classes of computing devices, from embedded systems to virtually all modern smartphones to the fastest supercomputers.

No update needed. If strict parity with the Wikipedia lead paragraph were desired, the Chinese name could be appended, but it does not affect the analytical accuracy of the current text.

ASML Holding N.V. (Advanced Semiconductor Materials Lithography) is a Dutch multinational and the world's largest supplier of photolithography systems for integrated circuits. It is the only manufacturer of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography machines, which are required for the most advanced semiconductor chips, making it a critical bottleneck in the supply chain. Headquartered in Veldhoven, Netherlands, ASML had a market capitalization of approximately $527 billion as of January 2026, making it Europe's largest technology company. It maintains global service points and relies on a large network of suppliers.

Advantest Corporation (株式会社アドバンテスト) is a Japanese manufacturer of automatic test equipment (ATE) for the semiconductor industry and measuring instruments for electronic systems, including fiber optic and wireless communications equipment. Based in Tokyo, it produces memory, SoC, and RF test systems.

Leading cloud computing provider (33% market share per recent Synergy Research data), offering services including EC2 with NVIDIA GPUs and custom AI chips (Trainium, Inferentia) developed via subsidiary Annapurna Labs. Major procurer of semiconductors for compute, storage, and AI workloads across its server farms.

Second largest OSAT provider with ~31,000 employees and $7.1B revenue (2022). Founded 1968; HQ in Tempe, AZ (moved from West Chester, PA in 2005, originally to Chandler). Operates factories in China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Portugal, Taiwan, and Vietnam; designs, packages, and tests ICs for chip manufacturers.

Analog Devices, Inc. (ADI), also known as Analog and headquartered in Wilmington, Massachusetts, is an American multinational semiconductor company specializing in data conversion, signal processing, and power management technology. It manufactures analog, mixed-signal, and digital signal processing (DSP) integrated circuits used to convert, condition, and process real-world phenomena such as light, sound, temperature, motion, and pressure into electrical signals for applications in communications, computer, instrumentation, military/aerospace, automotive, and consumer electronics, serving approximately 100,000 customers.

An apple is a round, edible fruit from the apple tree (Malus domestica), cultivated worldwide. It originated in Central Asia, where its wild ancestor Malus sieversii still grows. For commercial production, apple cultivars are propagated by clonal grafting onto rootstocks, as seed-grown apples are highly variable and lack desired traits. Rootstocks control tree size and growth rate. There are over 7,500 cultivars used for eating raw, cooking, and cider production. Apples hold cultural significance in various mythologies and religions, including Norse, Greek, and Christianity.

Applied Materials, Inc. is an American corporation that supplies equipment, services, and software for manufacturing semiconductor chips, flat panel displays, and solar products. It also provides equipment for flexible electronics coatings, packaging, and other applications. Headquartered in Santa Clara, California, it is the second largest supplier of semiconductor equipment by revenue, behind Dutch company ASML.

Broadcom Inc. is an American multinational designer, developer, manufacturer, and global supplier of semiconductor and infrastructure software products serving data center, networking, software, broadband, wireless, storage, and industrial markets. Headquartered in Palo Alto, California, with Tan Hock Eng as president and CEO, it derives about 58% of its revenue from semiconductors and 42% from infrastructure software products and services (as of 2025). Avago Technologies Limited changed its name to Broadcom to acquire Broadcom Corporation in January 2016; Avago's ticker AVGO now represents the merged entity, while the Broadcom Corporation ticker BRCM was retired. Initially known as Broadcom Limited, the company assumed its current name in November 2017. In December 2024, it became the 12th company to surpass a $1 trillion market cap, and in April 2026, it surpassed $2 trillion, becoming the sixth company in history to do so. As of 2026, amid the AI boom, Broadcom is one of the largest companies globally and could be considered part of Big Tech.

In music theory, a cadence is the end of a phrase that creates a sense of resolution through harmonic or rhythmic patterns. Separately, Cadence Design Systems is a major provider of EDA tools and IP that directly participates in the semiconductor supply chain.

Coherent Corp. (formerly II-VI Incorporated) is an American manufacturer of optical materials and semiconductors. As of 2023, the company had 26,622 employees. Its stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol COHR. In 2022, II-VI acquired laser manufacturer Coherent, Inc., and subsequently adopted its name.

CoreWeave, Inc. is an American cloud-computing company based in Livingston, New Jersey, specializing in GPU infrastructure for AI/ML workloads. Founded as Atlantic Crypto in 2017, the company focused on high-performance computing and now operates its own data centers in the United States and Europe; as of 2026 it operates 51 AI data centers, some dedicated to multiple companies and some to a single client. CoreWeave became a publicly traded company in March 2025 following an IPO on Nasdaq. Its $1.6 billion supercomputer data center for Nvidia in Plano, Texas, has been described by Nvidia as the fastest AI supercomputer in the world.

DuPont de Nemours, Inc., commonly shortened to DuPont, is an American specialty chemicals company formed in 1802 as a gunpowder mill. It developed numerous polymers (e.g., Kevlar, Nomex, Teflon) and chemicals. Historically, it participated in the semiconductor supply chain, but divested its Electronics & Industrial segment (including photoresists, dielectrics, and adhesives) to Entegris in 2022, exiting that market. Following a 2015 agreement, DuPont merged with Dow Chemical to form DowDuPont in 2017, which later spun off materials science into Dow Inc. and agribusiness into Corteva; the remaining specialty products division reverted to the DuPont name. As of 2025, the company operates two divisions: Healthcare & Water Technologies (47% of revenues), producing medical packaging (Tyvek), ion exchange resins (AMBERLITE), and water filtration elements (FILMTEC, INGE); and Diversified Industrials (53% of revenues), serving construction (Tyvek house wrap, Styrofoam, CORIAN) and industrial markets (Vespel, MOLYKOTE, BETAFORCE).

Entegris, Inc. is a supplier of materials for the semiconductor and other high-tech industries, with approximately 7,700 employees and operations in the United States, Canada, China, Germany, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. Headquartered in Billerica, Massachusetts, its products improve contamination control in key semiconductor processes such as photolithography, wet etch and clean, CMP, and thin-film deposition. Approximately 80% of its products are used in the semiconductor industry.

GlobalFoundries Inc. is a multinational semiconductor contract manufacturer domiciled in the Cayman Islands and headquartered in Malta, New York. It was created in March 2009 from the divestiture of AMD's manufacturing operations and was privately owned by Mubadala Investment Company until its October 2021 IPO; Mubadala retains an 82% majority stake. The company produces integrated circuits for markets including smart mobile devices, data centers, automotive, aerospace and defense, and IoT. As of 2023, it is the third-largest semiconductor foundry by revenue and operates wafer fabrication plants in Singapore, Germany, Vermont, and New York. GlobalFoundries holds U.S. 'Trusted Foundry' status.

Google Cloud Platform (GCP), part of Google Cloud, provides IaaS, PaaS, and serverless computing services on infrastructure shared with Google's products like Search and Gmail. Develops custom TPU AI accelerators in-house and offers NVIDIA GPU instances as part of vertically integrated hardware strategy. Includes Google Workspace, enterprise Android/ChromeOS, and ML APIs.

German semiconductor manufacturer (Germany's largest in 2023) designing and manufacturing devices for automotive, power, and security systems. Spun off from Siemens in 1999; initially focused on memory (spun out as Qimonda in 2006, bankrupt 2009); pleaded guilty in mid-2000s to DRAM and smart card price-fixing conspiracies. Restructured into three business areas by 2026: Automotive (ATV), Power Systems (PS), and Edge Systems (ES). Ranks among top ten semiconductor manufacturers worldwide. ~57,000 employees in 2025.

No revision is strictly required. If a more comprehensive summary were desired for completeness, one could optionally add the founding year and specific product lines, but this is not necessary to correct inaccuracies or incorporate recent developments. A potential expanded version (optional): 'US-based multinational semiconductor company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, that designs, manufactures, and sells central processing units (CPUs), chipsets, network interface controllers, flash memory, graphics processing units (GPUs), and related computer components. Supplies microprocessors to most computer system manufacturers and co-develops the x86 instruction set architecture used in most personal computers. Ranked as the world's third-largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue in 2024. Founded in 1968, it has been a Fortune 500 company since 2007 and is known for its Intel Core CPUs and Intel Arc GPUs.'

JCET Group is a publicly traded semiconductor packaging and testing (OSAT) company headquartered in Jiangyin, China. Founded in 1972 as a local transistor factory, it listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2003. It is the largest OSAT company in mainland China and the third-largest globally, providing semiconductor packaging, assembly, manufacturing, and testing products and services.

JSR Corporation is a Japanese chemical company supplying semiconductor materials such as photoresists and CMP slurries, positioning it in the upstream global semiconductor supply chain. In 2024, JSR Corporation was acquired by Japan Investment Corporation (JIC), a government-backed investment fund, and became a wholly-owned subsidiary. Its life sciences subsidiary, JSR Life Sciences—formed in 2002—acquired Crown Bioscience in January 2018. Crown Bioscience, founded in 2006 and headquartered in San Diego, California, operates 9 other sites in the US, Europe, and Asia-Pacific, providing preclinical and translational research services, including in vivo, in vitro, ex vivo, and in silico models focused on oncology and immuno-oncology for pharmaceutical and biotechnology clients.

Supplier of wafer fab equipment, including process control and yield management systems, for all phases of wafer, reticle, IC, and packaging production in semiconductor and nanoelectronics industries.

Not applicable. The current description remains accurate and requires no changes.

Bloom Institute of Technology (formerly Lambda School) is a for-profit coding school that initially operated as a bootcamp with income share agreements, later transitioning to a MOOC model amid findings that it deceived students about costs and hiring rates and engaged in illegal lending. It is a distinct entity from the AI GPU cloud provider Lambda Labs, and it is not involved in semiconductor manufacturing or the AI supply chain.

Lasertec Corporation is a Japanese company based in Yokohama that specializes in the development, manufacture and distribution of inspection and measurement systems used primarily in the semiconductor industry. In its niche, the company is the global market leader. Lasertec pursues a fabless strategy and outsources production to subcontractors, allowing it to concentrate on research and development. Its shares are listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and included in the Nikkei 225 index.

Lumentum Holdings Inc. is an American manufacturer of optical and photonic products. It was created in 2015 as a spin-off from JDSU.

Marvell Technology, Inc., an American semiconductor company, supplies data infrastructure components including storage controllers, networking ASICs, custom AI silicon, and datacom optical components for data center and cloud computing supply chains.

MediaTek Inc. is a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company founded in 1997 and headquartered in Hsinchu. It designs chips for wireless communications, high-definition television, smartphones, tablets, navigation systems, consumer multimedia, DSL services, and optical disc drives. As of Q3 2020, it became the largest smartphone chipset vendor with a 31% market share, aided by strong performance in China and India. It was the third-largest fabless chip designer worldwide in 2016 and operates 41 offices globally.

Microchip Technology Incorporated is an American publicly traded semiconductor corporation that manufactures microcontrollers, microprocessors, integrated circuits (digital, mixed-signal, and analog), and flash memory. Its corporate headquarters is in Chandler, Arizona. Wafer fabs are in Gresham, Oregon, and Colorado Springs, Colorado. Assembly/test facilities are in Chachoengsao, Thailand, and Calamba and Cabuyao, Philippines.

Micron Technology, Inc.: American multinational semiconductor company founded in 1978 and based in Boise, Idaho. It manufactures DRAM, NAND flash, HBM, and SSDs, and is the only major U.S.-based memory manufacturer. Micron is one of the 'Big Three' memory makers (with Samsung and SK Hynix). Its consumer brand Crucial previously included the Ballistix gaming line (disestablished 2026). Historically, Micron co-developed NAND flash with Intel via IM Flash Technologies and owned Lexar from 2006 to 2017. CEO Sanjay Mehrotra has served since 2017. Reached a $1 trillion market capitalization on May 26, 2026, amid surging HBM demand.

Microsoft's cloud computing platform (announced October 2008 as Project Red Dog, launched February 2010 as Windows Azure, rebranded Microsoft Azure March 25, 2014), second-largest by market share behind AWS. Provides IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, management, access, and development of applications/services through global data centers. Supports diverse programming languages, tools, and frameworks, including Microsoft and third-party systems. Operates as major buyer of NVIDIA GPUs for AI compute, developer of custom Maia AI accelerators, and primary infrastructure provider for OpenAI.

Nvidia Corporation is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, founded in 1993 by Jensen Huang, Chris Malachowsky, and Curtis Priem. It designs GPUs, SoCs, and APIs for gaming, AI, high-performance computing, data science, and automotive applications. A key supplier in the AI hardware supply chain, Nvidia became the first company to surpass $4 trillion and then $5 trillion in market capitalization in 2025, driven by surging demand for its AI data center processors.

NXP Semiconductors N.V. (Next eXPerience) is a Dutch semiconductor manufacturer and designer headquartered in Eindhoven, Netherlands. The company supplies automotive, industrial, secure connectivity, and processing semiconductors to customers including Apple, Dell, Ericsson, and Samsung. It employs approximately 34,000 people in more than 30 countries and reported revenues of $12.61 billion in 2024. As of 2024, it is the second-largest European semiconductor firm by market capitalization. NXP's origins date back to the 1950s as part of Philips, which became the largest semiconductor manufacturer in Europe in 1987. Philips Semiconductors was spun off in 2006 via a private equity consortium, adopting the NXP name and completing an IPO on Nasdaq (ticker: NXPI) in 2010. NXP co-invented near field communication (NFC) technology. In December 2013, NXP was added to the S&P 500 index. In 2015, the company merged with Freescale Semiconductor, significantly expanding its scale and automotive chip portfolio. Since then, NXP has refocused its product line, divesting its RF power business in 2020 and acquiring Marvell's Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity business in 2021.

No update required. The description is current and accurate. (Note: If a stricter update were needed, one could optionally add the 2023 acquisition of a SiC substrate facility in South Korea, but this is not necessary to maintain accuracy or currency.)

Oracle Cloud delivers IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, and DaaS via Oracle-managed global data centers, enabling provisioning of servers, storage, networking, applications, and services on demand over the Internet. It supports open standards (e.g., SQL, HTML5, REST), open-source applications (e.g., Kubernetes, Spark, Hadoop, Kafka, MySQL, Terraform), and diverse programming languages, databases, tools, and frameworks from Oracle, open source, and third-party sources for building, deploying, integrating, and extending cloud applications.

Qorvo, Inc. was an American semiconductor company headquartered in Greensboro, North Carolina, specializing in RF, analog, mixed-signal, and power-management products. Formed in 2015 from the merger of RF Micro Devices and TriQuint Semiconductor, it traded on NASDAQ under the symbol QRVO. On October 5, 2026, Qorvo completed a combination with Skyworks Solutions and became part of Skyworks, ceasing to exist as an independent public company.

Fabless designer of semiconductors, software, and services for global communications and computing, including mobile processors, modems, AI chips, and Snapdragon SoCs for smartphones and smart devices. Operates in a predominantly fabless manufacturing model. Holds key patents essential to the 5G, 4G, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA, and WCDMA mobile communications standards.

Renesas Electronics Corporation is a Japanese semiconductor manufacturer headquartered in Tokyo. It supplies embedded processors, analog, power and connectivity devices, and related software for automotive, industrial, infrastructure, and IoT applications. The company began operations in April 2010 following the merger of NEC Electronics and Renesas Technology; NEC Electronics was the surviving legal entity and was renamed Renesas Electronics, while Renesas Technology had been formed in 2003 from the non-DRAM semiconductor operations of Hitachi and Mitsubishi Electric. After severe financial difficulties in the early 2010s, Renesas underwent restructuring with state-backed support and expanded through subsequent acquisitions. As of 2025, Renesas ranks third worldwide in the microcontroller (MCU) market, behind Infineon Technologies and NXP Semiconductors, and fifth in the broader automotive semiconductor market with a 7% share in 2024.

No update is required. The description is accurate and current. If one wished to align it word-for-word with the Wikipedia phrasing, one could expand 'DRAM' to 'dynamic random-access memory (DRAM)' and add '(formerly Hewlett-Packard)' after 'Hewlett Packard Enterprise', but these are editorial refinements, not factual corrections.

SMIC is a disambiguation page covering multiple entities: the SMIC Private School in Shanghai; Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (a major semiconductor foundry); the French minimum wage (Salaire minimum interprofessionnel de croissance); Special Material Identification Code (used with NATO Stock Numbers); Server Management Interface Chip (part of IPMI); and the Missionary Sisters of the Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God (a Catholic religious order).

No update is strictly required. However, if a more comprehensive historical context is desired, the following revision could be used to align more closely with the Wikipedia text while maintaining a concise, analytical tone: 'STMicroelectronics NV (commonly referred to as ST or STMicro) is a European multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the largest of such companies in Europe. It was founded in 1987 from the merger of two state-owned semiconductor corporations, SGS Microelettronica of Italy and Thomson Semiconducteurs of France, with the aim of creating a corporation that could compete effectively with international semiconductor manufacturers. The company is incorporated in the Netherlands and headquartered in Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland. Its shares are traded on Euronext Paris, Borsa Italiana, and the New York Stock Exchange. It manufactures a wide range of microelectronics, including the widely-used STM8 and STM32 microcontrollers. From its early years, ST pursued vertical integration and strategic partnerships (e.g., with Nokia and Seagate) to target underserved niches such as microcontrollers and ASICs.'

SUMCO Corporation (株式会社SUMCO, Kabushiki-gaisha Samuko; formerly Silicon United Manufacturing Corporation and Sumitomo Mitsubishi Silicon Corporation) is a Japanese semiconductor company manufacturing silicon wafers for semiconductor manufacturers worldwide.

Samsung Foundry, a business unit of Samsung Electronics' Device Solutions Division, provides advanced logic foundry services to internal divisions and external fabless customers. It introduced Gate-All-Around (GAA) transistor architecture at the 3nm node, with SF3 (3GAA) entering production around mid-2024. Foundry market share figures should be updated to the latest available quarterly data from industry trackers such as TrendForce or Counterpoint; Samsung typically ranks second behind TSMC. Samsung Electronics reported record overall revenue in 2025, but foundry-specific financials are not separately disclosed in the cited Wikipedia summary.

Samsung Electronics is a leading manufacturer of DRAM and NAND flash memory and a major upstream supplier to OEMs, data center operators, and consumer electronics firms. Its product portfolio includes DDR5, LPDDR5X, and high-bandwidth memory (HBM) for AI accelerators. In Q4 2024, Samsung held the largest share of overall DRAM revenue but faced competitive pressure from SK Hynix in HBM. Through 2025, Samsung ramped HBM3E production and pursued HBM4 development, while its NAND business focused on high-layer-count V-NAND for enterprise SSDs. In 2025, Samsung reported annual revenue of ₩333.61 trillion (US$291.63 billion) and operating profit of ₩43.6 trillion (US$38.11 billion). The memory division remains critical to major cloud providers and server manufacturers, and its pricing and capacity decisions continue to influence global memory supply dynamics.

If a revision is desired to correct the minor error while maintaining a concise, analytical tone, the following version is suggested: --- SCREEN Holdings Co., Ltd. (株式会社SCREENホールディングス), formerly Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. (name changed August 5, 2014), is a Japanese holding company headquartered in Kyoto. It oversees the manufacture and sale of equipment for semiconductor, flat panel display, optical disc storage media, and precision technology production through subsidiaries in Japan, the US, UK, Germany, Netherlands, China, Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Australia. Manufacturing sites include facilities in Kyoto, Yasu (Shiga), Hikone (Shiga), and Taga (Shiga); offices include locations in Kudanminami (Chiyoda, Tokyo) and Etchūjima (Koto, Tokyo). SCREEN originally formed a joint venture with SEMES Co., Ltd. in South Korea. Although no capital relationship remains, SEMES continues to use SCREEN technology and derives all its revenue from Samsung's cleaning equipment orders. ---

Japan's largest chemical company and global leader in semiconductor silicon (wafers), photomask substrates, and polyvinyl chloride. Critical upstream supplier.

Skyworks Solutions, Inc. is an American semiconductor company headquartered in Irvine, California. Its shares are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol SWKS, and it is a constituent of the S&P 500.

While the status is current, if you wish to fully align with the provided Wikipedia entry and add the minor omitted details, a suggested revision would be: **'An American multinational electronic design automation (EDA) company headquartered in Sunnyvale, California. Supplies tools and services for silicon chip design/verification (digital/analog implementation, simulators, debugging), electronic system-level design/verification, and reusable IP components to the semiconductor design and manufacturing industry. Ranked 12th largest software company in 2024.'** However, note that the core functionality and 2024 ranking are already accurately represented in the existing description, so this revision is strictly for completeness of company identity rather than a correction of any factual error.

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC, stylised in all lowercase) is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company headquartered in Hsinchu Science Park. It is the world's leading dedicated contract chipmaker, holding approximately 70% of the global foundry market share, and the world's largest non-US company by market capitalisation as of June 30, 2026. The company serves as the primary manufacturing supplier for major fabless firms including Nvidia, Apple, Broadcom, and Qualcomm. Its growth has accelerated due to the artificial intelligence boom and demand for advanced AI chips, while its concentrated role as a supply chain bottleneck creates systemic risk for the global semiconductor industry. The government of the Republic of China (Taiwan) is the largest individual shareholder, but the majority of the company is owned by foreign investors. In 2026, TSMC was ranked 31st in the Forbes Global 2000. Taiwan's integrated circuit exports reached $184 billion in 2022 (nearly 25% of Taiwan's GDP), and TSMC constitutes approximately 30% of the Taiwan Stock Exchange's weighting.

Designer and manufacturer of automatic test equipment (ATE) for semiconductors, based in North Reading, Massachusetts. Supplies major chip makers including Samsung, Qualcomm, Intel, Analog Devices, Texas Instruments, and IBM.

No update required for factual accuracy. Historical context from Wikipedia could be added if a broader description is desired.

Major Japanese supplier of semiconductor equipment for IC, FPD, and PV fabrication, with strengths in coater/developers and etch. Subsidiary Tokyo Electron Device handles semiconductor devices and components. Formerly the largest IC/FPD equipment maker (2011); 2024 market cap US$114.6B ranks it 3rd in Japan and 12th globally among semiconductor firms.

Tower Semiconductor Ltd. is an Israeli company that manufactures integrated circuits using specialty process technologies, including SiGe, BiCMOS, Silicon Photonics, SOI, mixed-signal and RFCMOS, CMOS image sensors, non-imaging sensors, power management (BCD), and non-volatile memory (NVM) as well as MEMS capabilities. Tower Semiconductor also owns 51% of TPSCo, an enterprise with Nuvoton Technology Corporation Japan (NTCJ).

No update required. If a minor enhancement were desired for completeness, one could add the abbreviation and full Chinese name, but this is not necessary for accuracy. Example optional revision: 'United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC; Chinese: 聯華電子) is a Taiwanese company based in Hsinchu, Taiwan. It was founded as Taiwan's first semiconductor company in 1980 as a spin-off of the government-sponsored Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI).'

Western Digital Corporation, doing business as WD, is an American data storage company headquartered in San Jose, California. Established in 1970, the company is one of the world's largest manufacturers of hard disk drives (HDDs).

Wolfspeed, Inc. is an American developer and manufacturer of wide-bandgap semiconductors, focused on silicon carbide materials and devices for power applications such as transportation, power supplies, power inverters, and wireless systems. The company was formerly named Cree, Inc. In June 2025, Wolfspeed filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection as part of a financial restructuring.